Vocabulary to write letters

Letter structure

How to start and end the letter?

  1. Formal letter

    When you don't know the recipient’s name:

    • Dear Sir … Yours faithfully
    • Dear Madam … Yours faithfully
    • Dear Sir or Madam … Yours faithfully

    When the recipient’s name is known:

    • Dear Mr Green … Yours sincerely
    • Dear Mrs Green … Yours sincerely
    • Dear Miss Green … Yours sincerely
    • Dear Ms Green … Yours sincerely

  2. Semi-formal letter

    When you are writing to a good friend or colleague:

    • Dear Jonh … Best wishes/ Best regards
    • Dear Jonh ... Many thanks

  3. Informal letter

    When you are writing to a good friend or colleague:

    • Hello Jonh … Best wishes/ Best
    • Hi Jonh … See you/ Missing you/ Love

    When you are writing to someone you love:

    • Dear Mary … Yours always/ Lots of love



Letter openings

The letter's first paragraph is letter opening. In your first paragraph you should:

  1. introduce yourself
  2. state the purpose of the letter.

Examples of formal letter openings:

Examples of informal letter openings:



Letter closings

You may need a letter closing to express gratitude, to repeat an apology, to offer help etc.

Examples of formal letter closings:

Examples of informal letter closings: