IELTS grammar. Lesson 6: There is / there are / it is / they are
It may seem that phrases there is, there are, it is and they are and related grammar issues are pretty simple. However, this topic is worth going over since there are some hidden obstacles. For instance, do you know which option is correct:
there is many water
OR there are many water ?
In fact, the last option is correct. To refresh your memory about these phrases, read the corresponding theory below and complete the exercises.
Word there is used to talk about something that exists. There is is used with a singular subject and there are with a plural subject. (There is one student in the classroom, there are many many plates on the table etc)
There is and there are are used to give new information. It is and they are are used to talk about something that has already been referred to. (There is something for you over there. It is a present for my friend)
To form a question or a negative response we can also use there is or there are. (Are there any snacks left on the table? Yes, there are some. Is there a pen in your bag? No, there is not)
If we want to know the amount of something, we can use how many + plural noun + there are (+complement). (How many cats are there in the park? How many states are there in the USA?)
There is can be also used with uncountable nouns. (There is some milk in the fridge)
Some useful contractions:
There's = There is
There's not = There is not
There isn't = There is not
There aren't = There are not